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1.
Reprod Sci ; 28(5): 1498-1506, 2021 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33409873

RESUMO

The plasma glycoprotein afamin has been previously identified as an alternative carrier protein for vitamin E in extravascular fluids such as plasma and cerebrospinal, ovarian follicular, and seminal fluids. However, to date, no study has established a relationship between afamin levels and infertility in women or men. The purposes of our study were (i) to assess the level of afamin in serum and seminal fluids in infertile men compared to healthy controls and (ii) to study the association between polymorphisms in afamin genes and male infertility. This observational, prospective study evaluated the afamin levels in serum and seminal fluids from infertile men (n = 39) and compared them to those in healthy controls (n = 30). We studied the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 5`-untranslated region (5`-UTR) of the afamin gene and infertility and analyzed a total of 1000 base pairs from the untranslated region of the afamin gene. Subjects with low sperm motility and low sperm concentration had higher median seminal afamin (18.9 ± 2.9 ng/mg of proteins) and serum afamin concentrations (24.1 ± 4.0 ng/mg of proteins) than subjects with normal sperm parameters (10.6 ± 1.4 ng/mg of proteins) (p < 0.02) (15.6 ± 1.4 ng/mg of proteins) (p < 0.002). A total of five different polymorphisms were found, including one deletion and four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A new transversion (A/T) (position 4:73481093) was identified in an oligoasthenoteratozoospermic patient and was associated with high levels of afamin in plasma and seminal fluids. The prevalence of this variant in our study in the case homozygous for TT is 0.985 (98.5%), and in the case heterozygous for TA is 0.015 (1.5%). Our results suggest that genetic variations in afamin might be associated with male infertility. These findings could significantly enhance our understanding of the molecular genetic causes of infertility.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Transporte/análise , Glicoproteínas/análise , Infertilidade Masculina/sangue , Oligospermia/sangue , Sêmen , Albumina Sérica Humana/análise , Adulto , Proteínas de Transporte/sangue , Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Glicoproteínas/sangue , Glicoproteínas/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Estudos Prospectivos , Sêmen/química , Albumina Sérica Humana/genética , Adulto Jovem
2.
Rev. iberoam. fertil. reprod. hum ; 35(4): 3-12, oct.-dic. 2018. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-180745

RESUMO

La influencia de la edad paterna avanzada en los resultados reproductivos tras la realización de ciclos de FIV/ICSI es un tema controvertido. Existen trabajos que demuestran la influencia negativa de la edad paterna avanzada en la tasa de gestación y un aumento de la tasa de abortos, mientras que otros estudios no encuentran diferencias significativas. En base a estos resultados contradictorios, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la influencia de la edad paterna en la calidad de semen y en la tasa de gestación y aborto en ciclos de FIV/ICSI con ovocitos propios y en ciclos con ovocitos de donante. La influencia directa de la edad se analizó con un modelo regresión logística univariante con constante y el análisis multivariante para descartar efecto de confusión de cualquiera de las covariables sobre el efecto de la edad paterna en la tasa de gestación y tasa de abortos. En los ciclos con ovocitos propios, los resultados obtenidos demuestran que no existe correlación significativa entre la edad y parámetros morfológicos del semen (n:526) como la concentración (Pearson: -0,049, p:0,263), la movilidad (Pearson:-0,018, p:0,675) o el REM (Pearson:-0,047, p:0,284). Tampoco encontramos diferencias en la media de edad entre el grupo de ciclos en los que se consiguió embarazo (38,77 años, DE:4,52) y los que no se consiguió (38,12 años, DE:5,06) p:0,1553, n:530. En el seguimiento de los embarazos conseguidos (n:128) tampoco encontramos diferencia en la edad del varón entre los embarazos que acabaron en un aborto (38,75 años, DE:4,74) y los que continuaron hasta el nacimiento a término (37,49 años, DE:5,38), p:0,168. En los ciclos con donación de ovocitos tampoco encontramos correlación significativa entre la edad y parámetros morfológicos del semen (n:300) como la concentración (Pearson: -0,069, p:0,231), la movilidad (Pearson:-0,061, p:0,291) o el REM (Pearson:-0,088, p:0,129) o el índice de fragmentación de la muestra seminal (n:223, Pearson:-0,077, p:0,254). No se hallaron tampoco diferencias en la media de edad entre el grupo de ciclos en los que se consiguió embarazo (41,89 años, DE:5,49) y los que no se consiguió (41,96 años, DE:6,07) p:0,923, n:307 como tampoco encontramos diferencia en la edad del varón entre los embarazos que acabaron en un aborto (43,19 años, DE:6,51) y los que continuaron hasta el nacimiento a término (41,97 años, DE:6,83), p:0,371. Como conclusión, en nuestro estudio, la edad paterna no parece influir negativamente en la calidad de semen del varón ni sobre los resultados reproductivos, tanto en ciclos de FIV/ICSI con ovocitos propios como en ciclos con ovocitos procedentes de donante


The influence of advanced paternal age on reproductive outcomes after IVF / ICSI cycles is controversial. There are studies that show the negative influence of advanced paternal age on the gestation rate and an increase in the abortion rate, while other studies do not find significant differences. Based on these contradictory results, the objective of this study was to analyze the influence of paternal age on semen quality and on the gestation and abortion rate in IVF / ICSI cycles with own oocytes and in cycles with donor oocytes. The direct influence of age was analyzed with a univariate logistic regression model with constant and multivariate analysis to rule out the confounding effect of any of the covariates on the effect of paternal age on the gestation rate and abortion rate. In the cycles with own oocytes, the results obtained show that there is no significant correlation between age and semen morphological parameters (n: 526) as the concentration (Pearson: -0.049, p: 0.263), mobility (Pearson: -0.018) , p: 0.675) or REM (Pearson: -0.047, p: 0.284). We also found no differences in the mean age between the group of cycles in which pregnancy was achieved (38.77 years, SD: 4.52) and those that were not achieved (38.12 years, SD: 5.06). : 0.1553, n: 530. In the follow-up of pregnancies achieved (n: 128), we also found no difference in the age of the male between pregnancies that ended in an abortion (38.75 years, SD: 4.74) and those that continued until the birth at term ( 37.49 years, DE: 5.38), p: 0.168. In the cycles with oocyte donation, we did not find significant correlation between age and semen morphological parameters (n: 300) such as concentration (Pearson: -0.069, p: 0.231), mobility (Pearson: -0.061, p: 0.291) or the REM (Pearson: -0.088, p: 0.129) or the fragmentation index of the seminal sample (n: 223, Pearson: -0.077, p: 0.254). There were also no differences in the mean age between the group of cycles in which pregnancy was achieved (41.89 years, SD: 5.49) and those that were not achieved (41.96 years, SD: 6.07). ) p: 0.923, n: 307 as we did not find any difference in the age of the male between the pregnancies that ended in an abortion (43.19 years, SD: 6.51) and those that continued until the birth at term (41.97 years, DE: 6.83), p: 0.371. In conclusion, in our study, paternal age does not seem to have a negative effect on male semen quality or on reproductive outcomes, either in cycles of IVF / ICSI with own oocytes or in cycles with donor oocytes


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Etários , Técnicas de Reprodução Assistida , Fertilização In Vitro , Capacitação Espermática/fisiologia , Interações Espermatozoide-Óvulo/fisiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
4.
Rev. iberoam. fertil. reprod. hum ; 32(4): 8-14, oct.-dic. 2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-147128

RESUMO

El uso de los sistemas time lapse está cada vez más extendido en los laboratorios, se ha demostrado su utilidad a la hora de seleccionar mejor los embriones en combinación con la morfología, que hasta hoy era el método utilizado para realizar esta selección. Aunque existen autores que no están muy de acuerdo con esta afirmación, hay una gran mayoría que coincide en que la monitorización continua de los embriones ofrece una información relevante a la hora de elegir los mejores embriones de un cultivo. Durante los últimos años han surgido estudios avalando el uso de esta técnica, así se ha descrito que se puede conseguir elevar las tasas de embarazo y apostar con más fuerza por la transferencia de embrión único. Todo lo descrito en la literatura habla de resultados con patrones de división y los distintos estudios que validan esos modelos, pero ninguno nombra en profundidad las especificaciones propias de cada sistema, por tanto, el objetivo de este estudio ha sido el intentar resaltar las diferencias existentes entre las plataformas que se pueden encontrar en el mercado e indicar el futuro de cada una de ellas


The use of time-lapse systems is increasingly widespread in laboratories, it has proved useful in the selection of the best embryos when combined with their morphology, the traditional method used until now. Although there are some authors that disagree with this statement, a large majority agrees that the continuous monitorization of the embryos offers relevant information at the time of choosing the best embryos within a culture. In recent years there have been studies that support the use of this technique, and have proven that higher pregnancy rates can be achieved with its use, placing more emphasis on single embryo transfer. Everything published in the literature describes the results of with division patterns and the various studies that validate those models, but none provide an in-depth description of their specifications, thus the aim of this study was to highlight the differences between each of the platforms found on the market and indicate the predicted future of each of them


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Fertilidade/ética , Fertilidade/efeitos da radiação , Útero/citologia , Útero/embriologia , Técnicas de Ablação Endometrial/instrumentação , Técnicas de Ablação Endometrial/métodos , Técnicas Reprodutivas/ética , Fertilidade/genética , Fertilidade/fisiologia , Equipamentos de Laboratório , Cinética , Útero/anormalidades , Útero/anatomia & histologia , Técnicas de Ablação Endometrial/tendências , Técnicas de Ablação Endometrial , Técnicas Reprodutivas/normas
5.
Rev. iberoam. fertil. reprod. hum ; 32(3): 11-17, jul.-sept. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-144211

RESUMO

Existen evidencias crecientes en la literatura que demuestran que la estimulación ovárica, la cual produce niveles suprafisiológicos de hormonas, puede disminuir la tasa de gestación frente a los ciclos de criotransferencias. Además, el desarrollo endometrial puede controlarse de forma más precisa en los ciclos con embriones congelados y descongelados. Ya que la criopreservación es un procedimiento de rutina en el laboratorio de FIV, y dado el incremento de resultados, la política de congelación de todos los embriones para transferir en diferido, es una alternativa emergente para mejorar los resultados en FIV. Con la política de congelar todos los embriones, se criopreservan todos los embriones obtenidos en un ciclo de FIV y la transferencia se realiza más tarde, o bien en un ciclo natural o sustituido. La ventaja de este método es que proporciona un mejor ambiente y más fisiológico a los embriones, y pueden obtenerse mejores tasas de gestación y menos morbilidad materna y perinatal. Sin embargo, existen controversias en la literatura sobre el uso generalizado de esta estrategia. Por eso, el objetivo de esta revisión es examinar la literatura al respecto, identificando resultados de estudios randomizados en los que se criopreservan todos los embriones y se comparan con los resultados de embriones en fresco. También se estudian los posibles inconvenientes de esta técnica


Growing evidence in the literature shows that controlled ovarian stimulation, with supraphysiologic hormonal levels, may decrease pregnancy rate against frozen-thawed cycles. Moreover, endometrial development can be controlled more precisely during its priming for frozen-thawed embryo transfer vs. for controlled ovarian stimulation. Therefore, as the embryo cryopreservation has become a routine procedure in IVF labs , the ''freeze-all'' policy has emerged as an alternative to fresh ET to improve IVF outcomes. With the freeze-all policy, the entire cohort of embryos is cryopreserved, and the ET is performed later in a natural cycle, or in a cycle with hormonal replacement for endometrial priming. The potential advantage of this method is that it provides a more physiologic environment in which ET can occur; this advantage could lead to better pregnancy rates and decrease maternal and perinatal morbidity. However, controversies remain regarding patient selection and the threshold at which a cycle becomes supraphysiologic. The purpose of the present systematic review was to examine the literature and identify results of randomized clinical trials to assess if the cryopreservation of all embryos of good quality, and subsequent transference, is associated with improvements in the ART outcomes compared with fresh embryo transfer


Assuntos
Pesquisas com Embriões , Criopreservação/métodos , Criopreservação , Blastocisto/fisiologia , Transferência Embrionária/instrumentação , Transferência Embrionária/métodos , Transferência Embrionária , Síndrome de Hiperestimulação Ovariana/prevenção & controle , Coeficiente de Natalidade/tendências , Taxa de Gravidez/tendências
6.
Rev. iberoam. fertil. reprod. hum ; 30(3): 3-11, jul.-sept. 2013. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-131196

RESUMO

Introducción y Objetivos: De forma normal existe un porcentaje de espermatozoides con ADN fragmentado en el eyaculado. Sin embargo, la manipulación de las muestras de semen para R.A. puede aumentar el grado basal de fragmentación. Aunque los mecanismos de procesamiento del semen que pueden afectar a la fragmentación no son todavía conocidos, el objetivo es analizar la influencia del swim-up en la dinámica de fragmentación del ADN espermático a lo largo del tiempo en las mismas condiciones en las que se procesa el semen para IAC, y evaluar si la fragmentación del ADN espermático tras swim-up, así como su evolución en el tiempo puede predecir la posibilidad de gestación en IAC. Material y métodos: Las muestras de semen utilizadas se han obtenido de 25 parejas en tratamiento de IAC el mismo día de la Inseminación. La fragmentación del ADN se midió con el Kit Halosperm (SCD). Se empleó la T de Student para la comparación estática de medias entre ambos grupos y tests de regresión lineal, exponencial y logarítmica para el estudio dinámico. Resultados: En todo momento, dentro del intervalo estudiado, el índice de fragmentación del semen capacitado se mantiene significativamente inferior al del semen fresco. Conclusiones: Los resultados apoyan la idea de que la centrifugación que conlleva el swim-up no induce daño adicional en el ADN espermático y que es recomendable utilizar las muestras de semen post swimup para inseminación en un intervalo de una hora (AU)


Introduction: A certain level of damaged DNA is present in mature sperm cells after a natural ejaculation. Additionally, sperm management for artificial reproduction techniques (ART) may increase the basal rate of DNA damage. Unfortunately, the mechanisms and processes involved in Sperm DNA Fragmentation (SDF) are not fully illuminated. The main aim of this investigation was to analyse the influence of swim-up on the evolution of sperm DNA fragmentation values over time, emulating the experiment within the same set-up of sperm handling as used for insemination and to evaluate whether the degree of sperm DNA fragmentation as well the evolution over time can predict IUI outcome. Material and methods: Semen samples were obtained from couples undergoing IUI (only one cycle per couple was included) for infertility treatment at the Clinica Tambre in Madrid, Spain. A total of 25 males provided 25 samples that were analysed. SDF fragmentation was assessed using the sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test using the Halosperm kit (Halotech DNA, Madrid). Statistical analysis was performed using T-Student and regression analysis . Results: Mean values of DNA fragmentation in the spermatozoa prepared by swim-up are lower than before selection in all times studied. Conclusion: The results of this study support the notion that the swim-up technique, as practised in our laboratory, does no induce DNA damage to human spermatozoa, as assessed by SCD assay. We therefore propose that sperm samples be used before an hour after processing in intrauterine insemination (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto Jovem , Contagem de Espermatozoides/classificação , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Inseminação/genética , Sêmen/citologia , Sêmen/metabolismo , DNA/análise , DNA/genética , Contagem de Espermatozoides/métodos , Inseminação/ética , Sêmen/química , Sêmen/enzimologia , DNA/classificação , DNA
7.
PLoS One ; 6(3): e18112, 2011 Mar 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21448461

RESUMO

Human sperm samples are very heterogeneous and include a low amount of truly functional gametes. Distinct strategies have been developed to characterize and isolate this specific subpopulation. In this study we have used fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence-activated cell sorting to determine if mitochondrial function, as assessed using mitochondrial-sensitive probes, could be employed as a criterion to obtain more functional sperm from a given ejaculate. We first determined that mitochondrial activity correlated with the quality of distinct human samples, from healthy donors to patients with decreased semen quality. Furthermore, using fluorescence-activated cell sorting to separate sperm with active and inactive mitochondria we found that this was also true within samples. Indeed, sperm with active mitochondria defined a more functional subpopulation, which contained more capacitated and acrosome intact cells, sperm with lower chromatin damage, and, crucially, sperm more able to decondense and participate in early development using both chemical induction and injection into mature bovine oocytes. Furthermore, cell sorting using mitochondrial activity produced a more functional sperm subpopulation than classic swim-up, both in terms of improvement in a variety of functional sperm parameters and in statistical significance. In conclusion, whatever the true biological role of sperm mitochondria in fertilization, mitochondrial activity is a clear hallmark of human sperm functionality.


Assuntos
Fertilização/fisiologia , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Espermatozoides/metabolismo , Aldeídos/metabolismo , Animais , Bovinos , Fracionamento Celular , Separação Celular , Cromatina/metabolismo , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Masculino , Metáfase , Oócitos/metabolismo , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides/fisiologia , Coloração e Rotulagem
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